Standards, standardisation, certification and regulation
Standards, standardisation, certification and regulation .............. Standards ............................ Standards General .......................................... CEN-CENELEC ........................................................ EN 9100 - General quality management requirements for aviation ........................................................ EN 62745:2017 - Safety of machinery - Requirements for cableless control systems of machinery (IEC 62745:2017) ........................................................ EN 61310 sreies - Safety of machinery - Indication, marking and actuation ........................................................ EN 61069 series - Industrial-process measurement, control and automation - Evaluation of system properties for the purpose of system assessment ........................................................ EN 17007:2017 - Maintenance process and associated indicators ........................................................ EN 16646:2014 - Maintenance -Maintenance within physical asset management ........................................................ EN 13306:2018 - Maintenance -Maintenance terminology ........................................................ EN 10305-5:2016 - Steel tubes for precision applications -Technical delivery conditions -Part 5: Welded cold sized square and rectangular tubes ........................................................ EN 10305-3:2016 - Steel Tubes for precision applications -Technical delivery conditions -Part 3: Welded cold sized tubes ........................................................ EN 10219-1:2006 - Cold Formed Welded structural Hollow Sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels -Part 1: Technical delivery conditions ........................................................ CEN/CLC/JTC 13 : Cybersecurity and Data Protection ........................................................ CLC/TC 65X : Industrial-process measurement, control and automation ........................................................ CWA 17492:2020 - Predictive control and maintenance of data intensive industrial processes (MONSOON) .......................................... DIN ........................................................ DIN SPEC 92001-2 - Artificial Intelligence - Life Cycle Processes and Quality Requirements - Part 2: Robustness ........................................................ DIN SPEC 92001-1:2019-04 - Artificial Intelligence -Life Cycle Processes and Quality Requirements -Part 1: Quality Metamodel ........................................................ DIN SPEC 91406:2019-12 - Automatic identification of physical objects and information on physical objects in IT systems, particularly IoT systems ........................................................ DIN SPEC 27070:2020 - Requirements and reference architecture of a security gateway for the exchange of industry data and services ........................................................ DIN SPEC 2343:2020-09 - Transmission of language-based data between artificial intelligences - Specification of parameters and formats ........................................................ DIN SPEC 13266:2020-04 - Guideline for the development of deep learning image recognition systems ........................................................ DIN SPEC 16592:2016 - Combining OPC Unified Architecture and Automation Markup Language. .......................................... IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) ........................................................ IEC /TR 62837:2013 - Energy efficiency through automation systems ........................................................ IEC 20922 (MQTT) ........................................................ IEC 60034 series - Rotating electrical machines ........................................................ IEC 60204:2020 SER - Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - ALL PARTS ........................................................ IEC 60445:2017 RLV - Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification - Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors ........................................................ IEC 61131 ........................................................ IEC 61131 series - Programmable controllers - ALL PARTS
........................................................ IEC 61158 series - Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications ........................................................ IEC 61360-1:2017 - Standard data element types with associated classification scheme - Part 1: Definitions - Principles and methods ........................................................ IEC 61499 ........................................................ IEC 61499 series - Function blocks ........................................................ IEC 61511-1:2016+AMD1:2017 CSV
Consolidated version - Functional safety - Safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector - Part 1: Framework, definitions, system, hardware and application programming requirements ........................................................ IEC 61784 series - Industrial communication networks - Profiles ........................................................ IEC 61800 series - Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems ........................................................ IEC 61804 series - Function blocks (FB) for process control and electronic device description language (EDDL) ........................................................ IEC 61987 series - Industrial-process measurement and control - Data structures and elements in process equipment catalogs ........................................................ IEC 62061:2015 CSV - Safety of machinery - Functional safety of safety-related electrical, electronic and programmable electronic control systems ........................................................ IEC 62264 series - Enterprise-control system integration - Part 2: Object and attributes for enterprise-control system integration ........................................................ IEC 62264-1:2013 - IEC 62264-1:2013 Enterprise-control system integration — Part 1: Models and terminology ........................................................ IEC 62402:2019
- Obsolescence management ........................................................ IEC 62424 - Representation of process control engineering - Requests in P&I diagrams and data exchange between P&ID tools and PCE-CAE tools ........................................................ IEC 62443 series - Security for industrial automation and control systems - ISA 99 ........................................................ IEC 62453 series - Field device tool (FDT) interface specification ........................................................ IEC 62541 series - OPC unified architecture -ALL PARTS ........................................................ IEC 62559-2:2015 - Use case methodology - Part 2: Definition of the templates for use cases, actor list and requirements list ........................................................ IEC 62714 series] - Engineering data exchange format for use in industrial automation systems engineering - Automation Markup Language ........................................................ IEC 62890:2020 - Industrial-process measurement, control and automation - Life-cycle-management for systems and components ........................................................ IEC 63278-1 ED1 - Asset administration shell for industrial applications -Part 1:
Administration shell structure ........................................................ IEC PAS 63088:2017 - Smart manufacturing -Reference architecture model industry 4.0 (RAMI4.0) ........................................................ IEC TS 62832-1:2016 - Industrial-process measurement, control and automation - Digital factory framework - Part 1: General principles .......................................... IEEE ........................................................ IEEE 1686-2013 - IEEE Standard for Intelligent Electronic Devices Cyber Security Capabilities ........................................................ IEEE P2413:2019 - Architectural Framework for the Internet of Things (IoT) ........................................................ IEEE 802.1AS-2020 - IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks--Timing and Synchronization for Time-Sensitive Applications ........................................................ IEEE 802.15.4-2020 - IEEE Standard for Low-Rate Wireless Networks ........................................................ IEEE 802.15.4 ........................................................ IEEE 802.11 Standards - IEEE 802.11 Standards ........................................................ IEEE 802.1 TSN ........................................................ IEEE 1589-2020 - IEEE Standard for Augmented Reality Learning Experience Model .......................................... ISO (International Organization for Standardization) ........................................................ ISO/TS 9002:2016 - Quality management systems — Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001:2015 ........................................................ ISO/TS 15066:2016 - Robots and robotic devices — Collaborative robots ........................................................ ISO/TR 31004:2013 - Risk management — Guidance for the implementation of ISO 31000 ........................................................ ISO/TR 23245 - Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies — Security risks, threats and vulnerabilities ........................................................ ISO/TR 23244:2020 - Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies — Privacy and personally identifiable information protection considerations ........................................................ ISO/TR 22100-4:2018 - Safety of machinery — Relationship with ISO 12100 — Part 4: Guidance to machinery manufacturers for consideration of related IT-security (cyber security) aspects ........................................................ ISO/TR 20218-1:2018 - Robotics — Safety design for industrial robot systems — Part 1: End-effectors ........................................................ ISO/TR 13309:1995 - Manipulating industrial robots — Informative guide on test equipment and metrology methods of operation for robot performance evaluation in accordance with ISO 9283 ........................................................ ISO/PAS 17506:2012 - Industrial automation systems and integration — COLLADA digital asset schema specification for 3D visualization of industrial data ........................................................ ISO TR 21260 - Safety of machinery — Mechanical safety data for physical contacts between moving machinery or moving parts of machinery and persons ........................................................ ISO 9787:2013 - Robots and robotic devices — Coordinate systems and motion nomenclatures ........................................................ ISO 9735 series - Electronic data interchange for administration, commerce, and transport (EDIFACT) ........................................................ ISO 9283:1998 - Manipulating industrial robots — Performance criteria and related test methods ........................................................ ISO 9001:2015 - Quality management systems — Requirements ........................................................ ISO 9000:2015 FAMILY - Quality management systems ........................................................ ISO 9000 GLOSSARY - Glossary -Guidance on selected words used in the ISO 9000 family of standards ........................................................ ISO 8373:2012 - Robots and robotic devices — Vocabulary ........................................................ ISO 31000:2018 - Risk management — Guidelines ........................................................ ISO 23952:2020 - Automation systems and integration — Quality information framework (QIF) — An integrated model for manufacturing quality information ........................................................ ISO 23952:2020 - Quality information framework (QIF) — An integrated model for manufacturing quality information ........................................................ ISO 23570-1:2005 - Industrial automation systems and integration — Distributed installation in industrial applications — Part 1: Sensors and actuators ........................................................ ISO 23257 - Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies — Reference architecture ........................................................ ISO 23247 series - Automation systems and integration — Digital Twin framework for manufacturing ........................................................ ISO 22739:2020 - Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies -Terminology ........................................................ ISO 22549-2:2020 - Automation systems and integration -Assessment on convergence of informatization and industrialization for industrial enterprises — Part 2: Maturity model and evaluation methodology ........................................................ ISO 22549-1:2020 - Automation systems and integration -Assessment on convergence of informatization and industrialization for industrial enterprises -Part 1: Framework and reference model ........................................................ ISO 22400-2:2014 - Automation systems and integration — Key performance indicators (KPIs) for manufacturing operations management — Part 2: Definitions and descriptions ........................................................ ISO 21632:2018 - Graphic technology — Determination of the energy consumption of digital printing devices including transitional and related modes ........................................................ ISO 20534:2018 - Industrial automation systems and integration -Formal semantic models for the configuration of global production networks ........................................................ ISO 20140-5:2017 - Automation systems and integration — Evaluating energy efficiency and other factors of manufacturing systems that influence the environment — Part 5: Environmental performance evaluation data ........................................................ ISO 19439:2006 - Enterprise integration — Framework for enterprise modelling ........................................................ ISO 18828-3:2017 - Industrial automation systems and integration — Standardized procedures for production systems engineering — Part 3: Information flows in production planning processes ........................................................ ISO 15926-1:2004 - Industrial automation systems and integration — Integration of life-cycle data for process plants including oil and gas production facilities — Part 1: Overview and fundamental principles ........................................................ ISO 15746 series - Automation systems and integration — Integration of advanced process control and optimization capabilities for manufacturing systems- SER ........................................................ ISO 14738:2002 - Safety of machinery — Anthropometric requirements for the design of workstations at machinery ........................................................ ISO 14539:2000 - Manipulating Industrial Robots--Object handling with grasp-type grippers --Vocabulary and presentation of characteristics ........................................................ ISO 13849-2: 2012 - Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 2: Validation ........................................................ ISO 13849-1:2015 - Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design ........................................................ ISO 13584 series - Industrial automation systems and integration - Parts library ........................................................ ISO 13381-1:2015 - Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Prognostics — Part 1: General guidelines ........................................................ ISO 13374-1:2003 - Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Data processing, communication and presentation — Part 1: General guidelines ........................................................ ISO 13372:2012 - Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Vocabulary ........................................................ ISO 12100:2010 - Safety of machinery -General principles for design -Risk assessment and risk reduction ........................................................ ISO 11354-1:2011 - Advanced automation technologies and their applications — Requirements for establishing manufacturing enterprise process interoperability — Part 1: Framework for enterprise interoperability ........................................................ ISO 11161:2007 - Safety of machinery — Integrated manufacturing systems — Basic requirements ........................................................ ISO 10303-239 - Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 239: Application protocol: Product life cycle support ........................................................ ISO 10303-236:2006 - Industrial automation systems and integration -Product data representation and exchange -Part 236: Application protocol: Furniture catalogue and interior design -and Application modules ........................................................ ISO 10303 series - Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange ........................................................ ISO 10303 series - Automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange ........................................................ ISO 10218-2:2011 - Robots and robotic devices — Safety requirements for industrial robots — Part 2: Robot systems and integration ........................................................ ISO 10218-1:2011 - Robots and robotic devices — Safety requirements for industrial robots — Part 1: Robots ........................................................ ISO 10007:2017 - Quality management — Guidelines for configuration management ........................................................ ISO 10005:2018 - Quality management — Guidelines for quality plans ........................................................ ISO 11354-2:2015 - Advanced automation technologies and their applications — Requirements for establishing manufacturing enterprise process interoperability — Part 2: Maturity model for assessing enterprise interoperability .......................................... ISO/IEC JTC 1 ........................................................ ISO/IEC 18045:2008 - Information technology — Security techniques — Methodology for IT security evaluation ........................................................ ISO/IEC 15408 series - Information technology -Security techniques -Evaluation criteria for IT security ........................................................ ISO/IEC TS 33052:2016 - Information technology -Process reference model (PRM) for information security management ........................................................ ISO/IEC 15408 : Information Technology – Security Techniques – Evaluation Criteria for IT Security ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 30164:2020 - Internet of things (IoT) -Edge Computing ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 24029 - Information technology -- Artificial Intelligence (AI) -- Assessment of the robustness of neural networks ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 24028:2020 - Information technology - Artificial intelligence - Overview of trustworthiness in artificial intelligence ........................................................ ISO/IEC NP 24392 - Information technology -- Security techniques --Security reference model for Industrial Internet Platform (IIP) ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30149 - Internet of things (IoT) -Trustworthiness framework ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30147 - Information technology -Internet of things -Methodology for trustworthiness of IoT system/service ........................................................ ISO/IEC 27701:2019 - extension to privacy information management requirements and guidelines ........................................................ ISO/IEC 6523-1:1998 - Information technology -Structure for the identification of organisations and organisation parts -Part 1: Identification of organisation identification schemes ........................................................ ISO/IEC 27019 - Information technology — Security techniques — Information security controls for the energy utility industry ........................................................ ISO/IEC 27001 (ISMS) - Information Security Management (ISMS) ........................................................ ISO/IEC 27019:2017 - Information technology — Security techniques — Information security controls for the energy utility industry ........................................................ ISO/IEC 27017:2015 - Information technology — Security techniques — Code of practice for information security controls based on ISO/IEC 27002 for cloud services ........................................................ ISO/IEC 27009:2020
- Information technology -Security techniques -Sector-specific application of ISO/IEC 27001 -Requirements ........................................................ ISO/IEC 27005:2018 - Information technology -Security techniques -Information security risk management ........................................................ ISO/IEC TS 27100 - Information technology -- Cybersecurity -- Overview and concepts ........................................................ ISO/IEC 27000:2018 - Information technology -Security techniques -Information security management systems -Overview and vocabulary ........................................................ ISO/IEC 27001:2013 - Information technology -Security techniques -Information security management systems -Requirements ........................................................ ISO/IEC 27002:2013 - Information technology -Security techniques -Code of practice for information security controls ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30141:2018 - Internet of Things (loT) — Reference Architecture ........................................................ ISO/IEC/IEEE 90003:2018 - Software engineering — Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001:2015 to computer software ........................................................ ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011 - Systems and software engineering — Architecture description ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 38505-2:2018 - Information technology — Governance of IT — Governance of data — Part 2: Implications of ISO/IEC 38505-1 for data management ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 24030 - Artificial Intelligence (AI) — Use cases ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 24027 - Information technology — Artificial Intelligence (AI) — Bias in AI systems and AI aided decision making ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 22417:2017 - Information technology — Internet of things (IoT) use cases ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 20547-5:2018 - Information technology - Big data reference architecture - Part 5: Standards roadmap ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 20547-2:2018 - Information technology - Big data reference architecture - Part 2: Use cases and derived requirements ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 20547-1:2020 - Information technology — Big data reference architecture — Part 1: Framework and application process ........................................................ ISO/IEC CD 22123-2.3 - Information technology — Cloud computing — Part 2: Concepts ........................................................ ISO/IEC 38507 - Information technology --Governance of IT --Governance implications of the use of artificial intelligence by organizations ........................................................ ISO/IEC 38506:2020 - Information technology -- Governance of IT -- Application of ISO/IEC 38500 to the governance of IT enabled investments ........................................................ ISO/IEC 38505-1:2017 - Information technology -- Governance of IT -- Governance of data -- Part 1: Application of ISO/IEC 38500 to the governance of data ........................................................ ISO/IEC 38500:2015 - Information technology -- Governance of IT for the organization ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30166:2020 - Internet of things (IoT) — Industrial IoT ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30165 - Internet of Things (IoT) -Real-time IoT framework ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30163 - Internet of Things (IoT) -System requirements of IoT/SN technology-based integrated platform for chattel asset monitoring supporting financial services ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30162 - Internet of Things (IoT) -Compatibility requirements and model for devices within industrial IoT systems ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30161 - Internet of Things (IoT) -Requirements of IoT data exchange platform for various IoT services ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30144:2020 - Information technology -Sensor network system architecture for power substations ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30118 series - Information technology -Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF) Specification ........................................................ ISO/IEC 29161:2016 - Information technology — Data structure — Unique identification for the Internet of Things ........................................................ ISO/IEC 24668 - Information technology — Artificial intelligence —Process management framework for Big data analytics ........................................................ ISO/IEC 23894 - Information Technology — Artificial Intelligence — Risk Managemen ........................................................ ISO/IEC 23053 - Framework for Artificial Intelligence (AI) Systems Using Machine Learning (ML) ........................................................ ISO/IEC 22989 - Artificial Intelligence Concepts and Terminology ........................................................ ISO/IEC 22123-1 - Information technology — Cloud computing — Part 1: Terminology ........................................................ ISO/IEC 21823-3 - Internet of things (IoT) — Interoperability for IoT systems — Part 3: Semantic interoperability ........................................................ ISO/IEC 21823-2:2020 - Internet of things (IoT) — Interoperability for IoT systems — Part 2: Transport interoperability ........................................................ ISO/IEC 21823-1:2019 - Internet of things (IoT) — Interoperability for IoT systems — Part 1: Framework ........................................................ ISO/IEC 21778:2017 - Information technology -The JSON data interchange syntax ........................................................ ISO/IEC 20924:2018 - Information technology — Internet of Things (IoT) — Vocabulary ........................................................ ISO/IEC 20922:2016 - Information technology -Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) v3.1.1 ........................................................ ISO/IEC 20547-3:2020 - Information technology - Big data reference architecture - Part 3: Reference architecture ........................................................ ISO/IEC 20546:2019 - Information technology - Big data - Overview and vocabulary ........................................................ ISO/IEC 19944-1:2020 - Cloud computing -Cloud services and devices: data flow, data categories and data use — Part 1: Fundamentals ........................................................ ISO/IEC 19845:2015 - Information technology -Universal Business Language Version 2.1 (UBL v2.1) ........................................................ ISO/IEC 19510:2013 - Information technology -Object Management Group Business Process Model and Notation ........................................................ ISO/IEC 19464:2014 - Information technology -Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) ........................................................ ISO/IEC 17788:2014 - Information technology -Cloud computing -Overview and vocabulary ........................................................ ISO/IEC 2382:2015 - Information technology — Vocabulary .......................................... NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology, USA) ........................................................ NIST 800.82 ........................................................ NIST CyberSecurity Framework (Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity) ........................................................ NISTIR 8183 - Cybersecurity Framework Version 1.1 Manufacturing Profile ........................................................ NISTIR 8259 - Foundational Cybersecurity Activities for IoT Device Manufacturers .......................................... ETSI ........................................................ ETSI TS 103 410-5 SAREF4INMA ........................................................ ETSI SAREF ........................................................ ETSI M2M ........................................................ ETSI EN 303 645 - CYBER - Cyber Security for Consumer Internet of Things: Baseline Requirements .......................................... ANSI (American National Standards Institute) ........................................................ ANSI/MTC1.4-2018 - MTConnect ........................................................ B11.0 - 2020 - Safety of Machinery ........................................................ B11.Tr10—202x - Functional Safety of Artificial Intelligence for Machinery Applications .......................................... OPC-UA ........................................................ OPC 40501-1 - UA CS for Machine Tools Part 1 - Monitoring and Job (ZIP/PDF) .......................................... ROS - Robot Operating System (ROS) .......................................... VDMA 24582:2014 - Fieldbus neutral reference architecture for Condition Monitoring in production automation .......................................... Apache Kafka - Apache Kafka .......................................... B2MML - Business To Manufacturing Markup Language .......................................... Camera Link - Camera Link .......................................... DCAT - Data Catalog Vocabulary (DCAT) - Version 2 .......................................... eCl@ss - eCl@ss .......................................... FG Cloud TR Version 1.0 (02/2012) - FG Cloud Technical Report Part 2: Functional requirements and reference architecture .......................................... GigE Vision - GigE Vision .......................................... GS1 standards .......................................... HTTP/REST standards - (standards collection) .......................................... IDS-RAM:2019 - IDSA Reference Architecture Model 3.0 .......................................... IIRA:2019 - The Industrial Internet of ThingsVolume G1: Reference Architecture Version 1.9 .......................................... IPC-CFX .......................................... ITU-T Y.cccsdaom-reqts - Cloud computing - Requirements for cloud service development and operation management .......................................... ITU-T Y.MLaaS-reqts - Cloud computing- functional requirements for machine learning as a service .......................................... MIMOSA CCOM - MIMOSA CCOM (Common Conceptual Object Model) .......................................... OAGIS .......................................... ODRL - ODRL Information Model 2.2 .......................................... OGC SensorThings API .......................................... OneM2M .......................................... W3C (World Wide Web Consortium) .......................................... OWL - Web Ontology Language (OWL) .......................................... Production Performance Management Protocol (PPMP) - Production Performance Management Protocol Specification .......................................... RFD - Resource Description Framework (RFD) .......................................... RIF - Rule Interchange Format (RIF) .......................................... Software tools for Connected Factory Exchange SDK Version 1.0.5 - Software tools for Connected Factory Exchange SDK Version 1.0.5 .......................................... SPARQL - SPARQL Query Language for RDF .......................................... Suppl on Y. Sup.aisr - Artificial Intelligence Standard Roadmap .......................................... UBL - Universal Business Language .......................................... WoT - MPFQ .......................................... Y.ccrm - Cloud computing - Framework of risk management .......................................... Y.csb-arch - Cloud Computing -Functional architecture for cloud service brokerage .......................................... Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) ........................................................ Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) – Consensus Assessment Initiative Questionnaire (CAIQ) .......................................... IIC – SMM .......................................... Industrial Internet Consortium (IIC) – Industrial Internet Security Framework (IISF) .......................................... Namur, WG 4.18 Automation Security .......................................... OMG – Eclipse Foundation .......................................... Open Web Application Security Project® Foundation (OWASP) .......................................... Access control for Industrie 4.0 components for application by manufacturers, operators and integrators .......................................... Metamodel Asset Administration Shell for Security .......................................... ROS – SROS .......................................... ENISA Good Practices for Security of Internet of Things in the context of Smart Manufacturing .......................................... ENISA Industrial CybersSecurity developments & CyberAct Certification .......................................... CIS Controls – ICS .......................................... IEC 62443 series - Security for industrial automation and control systems - ISA 99 .......................................... Reference Integrity Manifest – RIM, & RIMM .......................................... Software Bill of Materials – SBOM .......................................... Vulnerability databases & Responsible Disclosure - IOC/CVE - ATT&CK .......................................... EEMUA .......................................... WIB .......................................... International De-Facto CyberSecurity Standards .............. Contribution of projects to standardisation ............................ Standardisation via European Standardisation Organisations .......................................... Registered work item leading to CEN-CENELEC Workshop Agreement) or ETSI GSs (Group Specifications) .......................................... Registered work item leading to EN (European Norm), TS (Technical Specification), TR (Technical Report) ............................ Standardisation via International Standardisation Organisations (ISO, IEC, ITU-T) ............................ Standardisation via other Standards Developing Organisations (SDO) (eg. W3C, IEEE, ASTM, etc..) .............. Compliance to Rules and regulations