Made In Europe - Draft R&I Objectives
Made In Europe - Draft R&I Objectives .............. Specific Objective 1: Excellent, responsive and smart factories & supply chains ............................ R&I Objective 1.1: Zero-defect and zero-downtime high-precision manufacturing, including predictive quality and non-destructive inspection methods ............................ R&I Objective 1.2: Manufacturing for miniaturisation and functional Integration ............................ R&I Objective 1.3: Scalable, reconfigurable and flexible first-time right manufacturing ............................ R&I Objective 1.4: Artificial intelligence for productive, excellent, robust and agile manufacturing chains - Predictive manufacturing capabilities & logistics of the future ............................ R&I Objective 1.5: Advanced Manufacturing processes for smart and complex products ............................ R&I Objective 1.6: Data ‘highways’ and data spaces in support of smart factories in dynamic value networks .............. Specific Objective 2: Circular products & Climate-neutral manufacturing ............................ R&I Objective 2.1: Ultra-efficient, low energy and carbon-neutral manufacturing ............................ R&I Objective 2.2: De-manufacturing, re-manufacturing and recycling technologies for circular economy ............................ R&I Objective 2.3: Manufacturing with new and substitute materials ............................ R&I Objective 2.4: Virtual end-to-end life-cycle engineering and manufacturing from product to production lines, factories, and networks ............................ R&I Objective 2.5: Digital platforms and data management for circular product and production-systems life-cycles ............................ R&I Objective 2.6: Predictive Manufacturing capabilities & Logistics of the future .............. Specific Objective 3: New integrated business, product-service and production approaches; new use models ............................ R&I Objective 3.1: Collaborative product-service engineering for costumer driven manufacturing value networks ............................ R&I Objective 3.2: Manufacturing processes and approaches near to customers or consumers (including urban manufacturing) ............................ R&I Objective 3.3: Transparency, trust and data integrity along the product and manufacturing life-cycle ............................ R&I Objective 3.4: Secure communication and IP management for smart factories in dynamic value networks .............. Specific Objective 4: Human-centered and human-driven manufacturing innovation ............................ R&I Objective 4.1: Digital platforms and engineering tools supporting creativity and productivity of manufacturing development ............................ R&I Objective 4.2: Improving human device interaction using augmented and virtual reality and digital twins ............................ R&I Objective 4.3: Human & technology complementarity and excellence in manufacturing ............................ R&I Objective 4.4: Manufacturing Innovation and change management ............................ R&I Objective 4.5: Technology validation and migration paths towards industrial deployment of advanced manufacturing technologies by SMEs
Significant innovations and lessons learned
Significant innovations and lessons learned .............. Significant innovations and achievements .............. Significance of the results for SMEs .............. Specific use case requirements .............. Lessons learned
Project type - instrument
Project type - instrument .............. Collaborative project (generic) .............. Collaborative Project targeted to a special group (such as SMEs) .............. Coordination and support action (CSA) .............. Large-scale integrating project .............. Small or medium-scale focused research project (STREP) .............. DEMO-targeted collaborative project .............. Innovation Action (IA) ............................ Validation experiments - equipment assessments (I4MS) .............. Research & Innovation Action (RIA)
Manufacturing performance characteristics
Manufacturing performance characteristics .............. Economic sustainability ............................ Business development - Access to new markets ............................ Flexibility ............................ Lead time ............................ Process reliability - dependability ............................ Product quality - Quality assurance .......................................... DIN SPEC 27070:2020 - Requirements and reference architecture of a security gateway for the exchange of industry data and services .......................................... DIN SPEC 92001-1:2019-04 - Artificial Intelligence -Life Cycle Processes and Quality Requirements -Part 1: Quality Metamodel .......................................... DIN SPEC 92001-2 - Artificial Intelligence - Life Cycle Processes and Quality Requirements - Part 2: Robustness .......................................... EN 13306:2018 - Maintenance -Maintenance terminology .......................................... EN 16646:2014 - Maintenance -Maintenance within physical asset management .......................................... EN 61069 series - Industrial-process measurement, control and automation - Evaluation of system properties for the purpose of system assessment .......................................... EN 9100 - General quality management requirements for aviation .......................................... FG Cloud TR Version 1.0 (02/2012) - FG Cloud Technical Report Part 2: Functional requirements and reference architecture .......................................... IDS-RAM:2019 - IDSA Reference Architecture Model 3.0 .......................................... IEC /TR 62837:2013 - Energy efficiency through automation systems .......................................... IEC 61499 series - Function blocks .......................................... IEC 62559-2:2015 - Use case methodology - Part 2: Definition of the templates for use cases, actor list and requirements list .......................................... IEC 63278-1 ED1 - Asset administration shell for industrial applications -Part 1:
Administration shell structure .......................................... IEC PAS 63088:2017 - Smart manufacturing -Reference architecture model industry 4.0 (RAMI4.0) .......................................... IEC TS 62832-1:2016 - Industrial-process measurement, control and automation - Digital factory framework - Part 1: General principles .......................................... IEEE P2413:2019 - Architectural Framework for the Internet of Things (IoT) .......................................... IIRA:2019 - The Industrial Internet of ThingsVolume G1: Reference Architecture Version 1.9 .......................................... ISO 10005:2018 - Quality management — Guidelines for quality plans .......................................... ISO 10007:2017 - Quality management — Guidelines for configuration management .......................................... ISO 13374-1:2003 - Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Data processing, communication and presentation — Part 1: General guidelines .......................................... ISO 13381-1:2015 - Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Prognostics — Part 1: General guidelines .......................................... ISO 20140-5:2017 - Automation systems and integration — Evaluating energy efficiency and other factors of manufacturing systems that influence the environment — Part 5: Environmental performance evaluation data .......................................... ISO 22549-1:2020 - Automation systems and integration -Assessment on convergence of informatization and industrialization for industrial enterprises -Part 1: Framework and reference model .......................................... ISO 22549-2:2020 - Automation systems and integration -Assessment on convergence of informatization and industrialization for industrial enterprises — Part 2: Maturity model and evaluation methodology .......................................... ISO 23247 series - Automation systems and integration — Digital Twin framework for manufacturing .......................................... ISO 23257 - Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies — Reference architecture .......................................... ISO 23952:2020 - Quality information framework (QIF) — An integrated model for manufacturing quality information .......................................... ISO 23952:2020 - Automation systems and integration — Quality information framework (QIF) — An integrated model for manufacturing quality information .......................................... ISO 9000 GLOSSARY - Glossary -Guidance on selected words used in the ISO 9000 family of standards .......................................... ISO 9000:2015 FAMILY - Quality management systems .......................................... ISO 9001:2015 - Quality management systems — Requirements .......................................... ISO/IEC 20547-3:2020 - Information technology - Big data reference architecture - Part 3: Reference architecture .......................................... ISO/IEC 21823-1:2019 - Internet of things (IoT) — Interoperability for IoT systems — Part 1: Framework .......................................... ISO/IEC 23053 - Framework for Artificial Intelligence (AI) Systems Using Machine Learning (ML) .......................................... ISO/IEC 30118 series - Information technology -Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF) Specification .......................................... ISO/IEC 30144:2020 - Information technology -Sensor network system architecture for power substations .......................................... ISO/IEC 30149 - Internet of things (IoT) -Trustworthiness framework .......................................... ISO/IEC 30165 - Internet of Things (IoT) -Real-time IoT framework .......................................... ISO/IEC 30166:2020 - Internet of things (IoT) — Industrial IoT .......................................... ISO/IEC 38507 - Information technology --Governance of IT --Governance implications of the use of artificial intelligence by organizations .......................................... ISO/IEC CD 22123-2.3 - Information technology — Cloud computing — Part 2: Concepts .......................................... ISO/IEC NP 24392 - Information technology -- Security techniques --Security reference model for Industrial Internet Platform (IIP) .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 20547-2:2018 - Information technology - Big data reference architecture - Part 2: Use cases and derived requirements .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 20547-5:2018 - Information technology - Big data reference architecture - Part 5: Standards roadmap .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 22417:2017 - Information technology — Internet of things (IoT) use cases .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 24029 - Information technology -- Artificial Intelligence (AI) -- Assessment of the robustness of neural networks .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 24030 - Artificial Intelligence (AI) — Use cases .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 30164:2020 - Internet of things (IoT) -Edge Computing .......................................... ISO/IEC TS 33052:2016 - Information technology -Process reference model (PRM) for information security management .......................................... ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011 - Systems and software engineering — Architecture description .......................................... ISO/IEC/IEEE 90003:2018 - Software engineering — Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001:2015 to computer software .......................................... ISO/IEC30141:2018 - Internet of Things (loT) — Reference Architecture .......................................... ISO/TS 9002:2016 - Quality management systems — Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001:2015 .......................................... ROS - Robot Operating System (ROS) .......................................... VDMA 24582:2014 - Fieldbus neutral reference architecture for Condition Monitoring in production automation .......................................... Y.csb-arch - Cloud Computing -Functional architecture for cloud service brokerage ............................ Productivity ............................ Supply chain and value network efficiency .............. Environmental sustainability ............................ Circular economy .......................................... Co-evolution of products-processes-production systems .......................................... Material efficiency ........................................................ Reduction of material consumption (in %) .......................................... Product life extension ........................................................ Innovative re-use of equipment .......................................... Waste minimisation ........................................................ Reduction of waste (in %) ............................ Reducing emissions in manufacturing processes .......................................... Reduction of CO2 emissions (in %) ............................ Reducing the consumption of energy, while increasing the usage of renewable energy .......................................... Reduction of energy consumption (in %) ............................ Reducing the consumption of water and other process resources. .......................................... Reduction of water consumption (in %) .............. Social sustainability ............................ Increasing human achievements in manufacturing systems .......................................... ISO/TR 23244:2020 - Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies — Privacy and personally identifiable information protection considerations ............................ Occupational safety and health ............................ Skills, training, new job profiles
Manufacturing future products
Manufacturing future products .............. Manufacturing the products of the future ............................ Complex structures, geometries and scale ............................ Novel materials ............................ Customised products ............................ Resource efficient, sustainable products
Technologies and enablers
Technologies and enablers .............. Advanced manufacturing processes ............................ Additive manufacturing ............................ Flexible Sheet-to-Sheet (S2S) and Roll-to-Roll (R2R) ............................ High productivity and “self assembly” technologies development of conventional (joining, forming, machining) and new micro/nano-manufacturing processes ............................ Innovative physical, chemical and physicochemical processes ............................ Integration of non-conventional technologies and conventional technologies ............................ Methods for handling of parts, metrology and inspection ............................ Photonics-based materials processing technologies ............................ Recycling processes ............................ Replication, Equipment for flexible scalable prod/Assembly , Coatings ............................ Shaping technology for difficult to shape materials .............. Information and communication technologies ............................ Data collection, storage, analytics, processing and AI .......................................... Cognitive and artificial intelligence (AI) technologies - machine learning ........................................................ B11.Tr10—202x - Functional Safety of Artificial Intelligence for Machinery Applications ........................................................ DIN SPEC 13266:2020-04 - Guideline for the development of deep learning image recognition systems ........................................................ DIN SPEC 2343:2020-09 - Transmission of language-based data between artificial intelligences - Specification of parameters and formats ........................................................ DIN SPEC 92001-1:2019-04 - Artificial Intelligence -Life Cycle Processes and Quality Requirements -Part 1: Quality Metamodel ........................................................ DIN SPEC 92001-2 - Artificial Intelligence - Life Cycle Processes and Quality Requirements - Part 2: Robustness ........................................................ Fuzzy logic ........................................................ Genetic algorithms ........................................................ Heuristics ........................................................ ISO/IEC 22989 - Artificial Intelligence Concepts and Terminology ........................................................ ISO/IEC 23053 - Framework for Artificial Intelligence (AI) Systems Using Machine Learning (ML) ........................................................ ISO/IEC 23894 - Information Technology — Artificial Intelligence — Risk Managemen ........................................................ ISO/IEC 24668 - Information technology — Artificial intelligence —Process management framework for Big data analytics ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30166:2020 - Internet of things (IoT) — Industrial IoT ........................................................ ISO/IEC 38507 - Information technology --Governance of IT --Governance implications of the use of artificial intelligence by organizations ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 24027 - Information technology — Artificial Intelligence (AI) — Bias in AI systems and AI aided decision making ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 24028:2020 - Information technology - Artificial intelligence - Overview of trustworthiness in artificial intelligence ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 24029 - Information technology -- Artificial Intelligence (AI) -- Assessment of the robustness of neural networks ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 24030 - Artificial Intelligence (AI) — Use cases ........................................................ ITU-T Y.MLaaS-reqts - Cloud computing- functional requirements for machine learning as a service ........................................................ Neural networks ........................................................ Suppl on Y. Sup.aisr - Artificial Intelligence Standard Roadmap .......................................... Data acquisition .......................................... Data analytics .......................................... Data modelling .......................................... Data processing ........................................................ Cloud computing, edge computing ...................................................................... Cloud computing ...................................................................... Edge computing .......................................... Data storage ........................................................ Dataspaces ........................................................ ICT solutions for next generation data storage and information mining ...................................................................... Non-relational database (NoSQL) ........................................................ Relational databases .......................................... ISO/IEC 20546:2019 - Information technology - Big data - Overview and vocabulary .......................................... ISO/IEC 20547-3:2020 - Information technology - Big data reference architecture - Part 3: Reference architecture .......................................... ISO/IEC 24668 - Information technology — Artificial intelligence —Process management framework for Big data analytics .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 20547-1:2020 - Information technology — Big data reference architecture — Part 1: Framework and application process .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 20547-2:2018 - Information technology - Big data reference architecture - Part 2: Use cases and derived requirements .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 20547-5:2018 - Information technology - Big data reference architecture - Part 5: Standards roadmap ............................ Digital manufacturing platforms ............................ Human Machine Interfaces .......................................... Advanced and ubiquitous human machine interaction .......................................... Augmented reality .......................................... Data visualisation .......................................... Virtual reality ............................ IoT - Internet of Things .......................................... DIN SPEC 91406:2019-12 - Automatic identification of physical objects and information on physical objects in IT systems, particularly IoT systems .......................................... IEEE P2413:2019 - Architectural Framework for the Internet of Things (IoT) .......................................... IIRA:2019 - The Industrial Internet of ThingsVolume G1: Reference Architecture Version 1.9 .......................................... ISO/IEC 20924:2018 - Information technology — Internet of Things (IoT) — Vocabulary .......................................... ISO/IEC 21823-1:2019 - Internet of things (IoT) — Interoperability for IoT systems — Part 1: Framework .......................................... ISO/IEC 29161:2016 - Information technology — Data structure — Unique identification for the Internet of Things .......................................... ISO/IEC 30118 series - Information technology -Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF) Specification .......................................... ISO/IEC 30147 - Information technology -Internet of things -Methodology for trustworthiness of IoT system/service .......................................... ISO/IEC 30149 - Internet of things (IoT) -Trustworthiness framework .......................................... ISO/IEC 30161 - Internet of Things (IoT) -Requirements of IoT data exchange platform for various IoT services .......................................... ISO/IEC 30162 - Internet of Things (IoT) -Compatibility requirements and model for devices within industrial IoT systems .......................................... ISO/IEC 30163 - Internet of Things (IoT) -System requirements of IoT/SN technology-based integrated platform for chattel asset monitoring supporting financial services .......................................... ISO/IEC 30165 - Internet of Things (IoT) -Real-time IoT framework .......................................... ISO/IEC 30166:2020 - Internet of things (IoT) — Industrial IoT .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 22417:2017 - Information technology — Internet of things (IoT) use cases .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 30164:2020 - Internet of things (IoT) -Edge Computing .......................................... ISO/IEC30141:2018 - Internet of Things (loT) — Reference Architecture ............................ Operating systems ............................ Programming Frameworks – Software Development Kits (SDKs) .......................................... FIWARE ........................................................ Smart Industry Context Data/API Management, Publication and Monetization ...................................................................... The AuthZForce PDP/PAP Generic Enabler ...................................................................... The Biz Framework Generic Enabler ...................................................................... The CKAN extensions Generic Enabler ...................................................................... The Keyrock Identity Management Generic Enabler ...................................................................... The Wilma proxy Generic Enabler ........................................................ Smart Industry Context Information Management and Persistence ...................................................................... The Cygnus Generic Enabler ...................................................................... The Orion Context Broker Generic Enabler ...................................................................... The STH Comet Generic Enabler ........................................................ Smart Industry Information Processing ...................................................................... Augmented Reality (FIWARE) ...................................................................... CEPHEUS ...................................................................... PERSEO ...................................................................... PROTON ...................................................................... Quantum Leap ...................................................................... The AEON Incubated Generic Enabler ...................................................................... The Cosmos Generic Enabler ...................................................................... The Domibus Incubated Generic Enabler ...................................................................... The FogFlow Incubated Generic Enabler ...................................................................... The Knowage Generic Enabler ...................................................................... The Kurento Generic Enabler ...................................................................... The Wirecloud Generic Enabler ...................................................................... XML3D ........................................................ Smart Industry NGSI Agents Framework to Real World ...................................................................... The Fast RTPS Incubated Generic Enabler ...................................................................... The IDAS Generic Enabler ...................................................................... The OpenMTC Incubated Generic Enabler ............................ Programming Languages ............................ System modelling, simulation and forecasting .............. Mechatronics ............................ Advanced materials in manufacturing systems .......................................... Smart and functional materials ............................ Condition and performance monitoring technologies ............................ Control technologies ............................ Energy technologies ............................ Intelligent machinery components, actuators and end-effectors .............. Skills - Knowledge-workers
Digitalisation pathways
Digitalisation pathways .............. Autonomous Smart Factories Pathway ............................ General purpose software .......................................... Spreadsheet/texteditor ERP .......................................... Spreadsheet/texteditor MOM .......................................... Manual data acquisition ............................ Dedicated software in silos .......................................... Dedicated ERP software implemented .......................................... Dedicated MOM Software Implemented .......................................... Data acquisition/monitoring/analysis (SCADA) implemented but isolated ............................ Connected IT and OT .......................................... ERP-MOM systems connected .......................................... MOM-SCADA systems connected .......................................... IoT enabled SCADA, MOM-MES, ERP (…) connectivity .......................................... Humans actively connected ............................ Off-line optimisation .......................................... Off-line Digital Manufacturing Process Optimisation on factory level .......................................... Off-line Digital Manufacturing Process Optimisation on machine level .......................................... Platform enabled optimisation ............................ Realtime optimisation .......................................... Autonomous /online/realtime Manufacturing Process Optimisation on factory level .......................................... Autonomous /online/realtime Manufacturing Process Optimisation on machine level .............. Hyperconnected Factories Pathway .......................................... Spreadsheet and text editor based SCM, CRM .......................................... Administrative transactions digitalised .......................................... ERP implemented .......................................... SCM implemented ............................ Basic internal connectivity .......................................... ERP and SCM connected ............................ Dedicated IT connection to some supply chain partners .......................................... SCM - MES - ERP Software connected to SCM - MES - ERP software of suppliers or customers .......................................... Forecasting of required capabilities .......................................... High level planning using dedicated digital connections ............................ Dynamic IT connections to new supply chain partners .......................................... Common digital platform used for tenders and bidding .......................................... Visibility of work in progress .......................................... Dynamic detailed scheduling and rescheduling .............. Collaborative Product-Service Factories Pathway ............................ Product, no Service .......................................... Use of CAD systems .......................................... Use of PDM systems ............................ Product and disjoint Service .......................................... PLM Systems (integrating CAD and PDM) .......................................... Use of CRM Systems ............................ Service-enabled Product Design .......................................... Voice of suppliers Customers / Users .......................................... Service orient. Product Design (integration of PLM and CRM) ............................ Product-Service Innovation .......................................... Closed loop PSS Design (Connected to users data) .......................................... Service Innovation and new Business Models ............................ Product-Service Symbiotic Evolution .......................................... Digital Platforms for next generation PS Systems lifecycle management .............. Cybersecurity Pathway ............................ Security level 1 .......................................... Physical and logical password .......................................... Malware (including Ransomware, APT, Virus, ...) protection .......................................... Logging and monitoring, machine learning and AI - Cybersecurity Controls .......................................... (Systemic) Penetration Testing ............................ Security level 2 .......................................... Transmission data protection .......................................... Password policy .......................................... Physical security .......................................... Multi-factor authentication ............................ Security level 3 .......................................... Security training and awareness .......................................... Peronnel vetting procedures .......................................... User account management .......................................... Token management ............................ Security level 4 .......................................... Privileged account control .......................................... Database integrity .......................................... Software integrity .......................................... Back Office data flow security .......................................... Intrusion detection ............................ Security level 5 .......................................... Digital platform environment segregation .......................................... CyberSecurity incident response capability - CSIRT .......................................... User session integrity .......................................... Critical activity outsourcing .......................................... Transaction controls .............. Data Space Pathway ............................ DS Pathway - Maturity Levels .......................................... No Data Control ........................................................ No Data Management Culture in the company ........................................................ No specific Data Protection measures in place regarding storage, computation and transfer of data ........................................................ Data not processed or processed by default procedures out of control for the company ........................................................ Data analytics not performed or performed by third parties out of control of the company ........................................................ Data visualisation tools not implemented or implemented by third parties out of control of the company ........................................................ Data Sharing not implemented or implemented without any control .......................................... Data Silos ........................................................ Data stored in Enterprise Application and managed from there ........................................................ Each single Enterprise Application (ERP SCM PLM) is responsible for Data Protection ........................................................ Data processed inside Enterprise Applications (ERP SCM PLM) according to architectures and tools predefined by them ........................................................ Data Analytics procedures implemented (and replicated) from inside Enterprise Applications only ........................................................ Data visualisation tools embedded in Enterprise Applications on top of predefined sets of Data ........................................................ Data Sharing allowed from inside Enterprise Applications to a predefined value ecosystem .......................................... Data Bridges ........................................................ Secure Data Bridges between silos implemented on a case-by-case basis ........................................................ Data Processing architectures (embedded, edge, cloud) implemented for ad-hoc data bridges in Enterprise Applications ........................................................ Data Analytics procedures implemented across silos in an ad-hoc fashion ........................................................ Data visualisation applications are developed ad-hoc cross-silos to show data coming from different sources ........................................................ Data Sharing from different sources implemented for specific suppliers and customers ........................................................ Cross application Data Management Bridges .......................................... Data Interoperability ........................................................ Common set of data management application applied to data Source and Enterprise Application ........................................................ Common Data Protection mechanisms and tools are shared at company level and used in every application ........................................................ Common Data Processing architecture adopted for all Enterprise Applications, both Data at Rest and Data in Motion ........................................................ Common repository of Data Analytics tools is shared in the company, at disposal for any application ........................................................ Common agreed repository of Data Visualisation tools is shared in the company, at disposal for any application ........................................................ A common and agreed architecture for secure and sovereign Data Sharing implemented .......................................... Data Valorisation ........................................................ Data Management Application used to assign a value to data ........................................................ Data Protection mechanisms associated to Data Spaces increase the value of Data ........................................................ Data Processing tools associated as a service to Data Sets, increasing value in the Data Space and implementing Data Economy services ........................................................ Data Analytics tools associated as a service to available Data Sets, increasing their value in the Data Space and implementing Data Economy services ........................................................ Data Visualisation tools associated as a service to available Data Sets, increasing their value in the Data Space and implementing Data Economy services ........................................................ Data Sharing applications associated as a service to available Data Sets, increasing value in the Data Space and implementing Data Economy services ............................ Data Space Pathway - Data oriented challenge dimensions .......................................... DS Pathway - Data management levels .......................................... DS Pathway - Data protection levels .......................................... DS Pathway - Data Processing Architecture Implementation Levels .......................................... DS Pathway - Data Visualisation and User Interaction .......................................... DS Pathway - Ecosystems for Data Sharing .......................................... DS Pathway - Data Analytics Implementation Levels .............. Circular Economy Pathway ............................ CE Pathway - Maturity Levels .......................................... CE Pathway - Maturity Level 1 - Linearity ........................................................ Any toxic substances should not be used to create products ........................................................ Quality monitoring to avoid unnecessary scraps ........................................................ Information technologies to gather processes data ........................................................ Ad-hoc engagement of individuals, not comprehensive engagement ........................................................ Contractual obligations based on regulations ........................................................ Reporting and measuring only the legal responsibilities related to recycling and other environmental obligations .......................................... CE Pathway - Maturity Level 2 - Industrial Circular Economy Piloting ........................................................ Material used should be the minimum amount required to respect product functionalities and design (resource sufficiency) ........................................................ Production processes must require limited amount of energy ........................................................ Company systems integration (e.g. ERP, MRP, PDM, PLM…) ........................................................ Engagement and awareness raising, systemic empowering through champions ........................................................ Code of conduct guideline for circularity/sustainability of materials. ........................................................ Targets and KPIs set up for circularity pilots .......................................... CE Pathway - Maturity Level 3 - Systemic Material Management ........................................................ Systematic identification of possibilities to reuse, refurbish and remanufacture ........................................................ Transportation modes (reverse logistics), internal recycling of materials ........................................................ Disassembly and remanufacturing enabling technologies introduced on the shop-floor ........................................................ Cultural transformation and qualified people (skills) ........................................................ Circularity objectives discussed at value chain level. Stakeholder engagement systematically considered. ........................................................ Operative KPIs for resourcesufficiency/ decrease of waste etc. .......................................... CE Pathway - Maturity Level 4 - Circular Economy Thinking ........................................................ Eco-design of products ........................................................ Building industrial synergies/closed loop models ........................................................ Digital platform integration enabling the interaction among value chain actors ........................................................ Circular suppliers selection and value network level indicators ........................................................ Capabilities to dynamic collaboration new partners ,research and innovation partnerships launched ........................................................ LCA analysis over the product lifecycle, KPIs for foot print. .......................................... CE Pathway - Maturity Level 5 - Circularity ........................................................ Changing business model towards product-service-systems and X as service approaches at ecosystem level ........................................................ Circular systems and process at value network/ecosystem level ........................................................ Collaborative business processes and workflows are used over the product life cycle ........................................................ Sustainable government requirements and European Green Deal ........................................................ Digital ecosystems enabling circularity, partnering with customers making use of knowledge ........................................................ Circularity indicators (based on the forthcoming standard) ............................ Circular Economy Pathway - Dimensions .......................................... Circular Economy Pathway - Products Dimension .......................................... Circular Economy Pathway - Process Dimension .......................................... Circular Economy Pathway - Platform Dimension .......................................... Circular Economy Pathway - People Dimension .......................................... Circular Economy Pathway - Partnership Dimension .......................................... Circular Economy Pathway - Performance Dimension
ICT performance characteristics
ICT performance characteristics .............. Cybersecurity ............................ A Security Architecture for Digital Manufacturing Platforms ............................ Risk or security assessment ............................ Risks addressed by security ............................ Security mechanisms and technologies .......................................... Distributed ledger technology ............................ Specific security standard(s) addressed and impact on implementation ............................ Trustworthy Systems in Platform Lifetime ............................ Used guidelines and specific frameworks for security and/or privacy by design .............. Interoperability (ICT) ............................ Collaborative and decentralized application architectures and development tools ............................ General interoperability framework .......................................... Application level interoperability ........................................................ Modular Design and Deployment Approaches ........................................................ Open APIs and Communication Protocols ...................................................................... Wireless communication protocols ........................................................ Web-services / Composability .......................................... Integration level interoperability ........................................................ APIs and Integration Protocols ........................................................ Connectivity & network interoperability – communication protocols ........................................................ Data/object model interoperability - Data exchange formats - APIs ........................................................ Semantic/information interoperability .......................................... Platform level interoperability ........................................................ AAA - Access, Authorisation and Authentication ........................................................ Motivating Scenario / Use-Case ........................................................ User Acccess and Rights Management ............................ Industrial Reference ICT Architectures .......................................... Industrial Internet Reference Archtectures (IIRA) .......................................... Reference Architectural Model Industrie 4.0 (RAMI 4.0) .......................................... The IDS Reference Architecture Model (IDS RAM) ............................ Integration with legacy systems .............. Privacy .............. Real-time communication capability .............. Resilience .............. Safety .............. Scalability .............. Services .............. Data communication infrastructure
Standards, standardisation, certification and regulation
Standards, standardisation, certification and regulation .............. Standards ............................ Standards according to RAMI 4.0 Vertical Axis .......................................... Business Layer (RAMI 4.0) ........................................................ B2MML - Business To Manufacturing Markup Language ........................................................ DIN SPEC 13266:2020-04 - Guideline for the development of deep learning image recognition systems ........................................................ DIN SPEC 92001-1:2019-04 - Artificial Intelligence -Life Cycle Processes and Quality Requirements -Part 1: Quality Metamodel ........................................................ DIN SPEC 92001-2 - Artificial Intelligence - Life Cycle Processes and Quality Requirements - Part 2: Robustness ........................................................ EN 61310 sreies - Safety of machinery - Indication, marking and actuation ........................................................ EN 9100 - General quality management requirements for aviation ........................................................ IEC /TR 62837:2013 - Energy efficiency through automation systems ........................................................ IEC 62559-2:2015 - Use case methodology - Part 2: Definition of the templates for use cases, actor list and requirements list ........................................................ IEC 62890:2020 - Industrial-process measurement, control and automation - Life-cycle-management for systems and components ........................................................ IEC 63278-1 ED1 - Asset administration shell for industrial applications -Part 1:
Administration shell structure ........................................................ IEC TS 62832-1:2016 - Industrial-process measurement, control and automation - Digital factory framework - Part 1: General principles ........................................................ ISO 18828-3:2017 - Industrial automation systems and integration — Standardized procedures for production systems engineering — Part 3: Information flows in production planning processes ........................................................ ISO 21632:2018 - Graphic technology — Determination of the energy consumption of digital printing devices including transitional and related modes ........................................................ ISO 23570-1:2005 - Industrial automation systems and integration — Distributed installation in industrial applications — Part 1: Sensors and actuators ........................................................ ISO 31000:2018 - Risk management — Guidelines ........................................................ ISO/IEC 19510:2013 - Information technology -Object Management Group Business Process Model and Notation ........................................................ ISO/IEC 19845:2015 - Information technology -Universal Business Language Version 2.1 (UBL v2.1) ........................................................ ISO/IEC 23894 - Information Technology — Artificial Intelligence — Risk Managemen ........................................................ ISO/IEC 27000:2018 - Information technology -Security techniques -Information security management systems -Overview and vocabulary ........................................................ ISO/IEC 27002:2013 - Information technology -Security techniques -Code of practice for information security controls ........................................................ ISO/IEC 27005:2018 - Information technology -Security techniques -Information security risk management ........................................................ ISO/IEC 27017:2015 - Information technology — Security techniques — Code of practice for information security controls based on ISO/IEC 27002 for cloud services ........................................................ ISO/IEC 27019:2017 - Information technology — Security techniques — Information security controls for the energy utility industry ........................................................ ISO/IEC 38505-1:2017 - Information technology -- Governance of IT -- Governance of data -- Part 1: Application of ISO/IEC 38500 to the governance of data ........................................................ ISO/IEC 38506:2020 - Information technology -- Governance of IT -- Application of ISO/IEC 38500 to the governance of IT enabled investments ........................................................ ISO/IEC 38507 - Information technology --Governance of IT --Governance implications of the use of artificial intelligence by organizations ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 38505-2:2018 - Information technology — Governance of IT — Governance of data — Part 2: Implications of ISO/IEC 38505-1 for data management ........................................................ ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011 - Systems and software engineering — Architecture description ........................................................ ISO/IEC/IEEE 90003:2018 - Software engineering — Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001:2015 to computer software ........................................................ ISO/TR 31004:2013 - Risk management — Guidance for the implementation of ISO 31000 ........................................................ ISO/TS 9002:2016 - Quality management systems — Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001:2015 ........................................................ ITU-T Y.cccsdaom-reqts - Cloud computing - Requirements for cloud service development and operation management ........................................................ Y.ccrm - Cloud computing - Framework of risk management .......................................... Function Layer (RAMI 4.0) ........................................................ Apache Kafka - Apache Kafka ........................................................ B11.0 - 2020 - Safety of Machinery ........................................................ B11.Tr10—202x - Functional Safety of Artificial Intelligence for Machinery Applications ........................................................ CWA 17492:2020 - Predictive control and maintenance of data intensive industrial processes (MONSOON) ........................................................ EN 16646:2014 - Maintenance -Maintenance within physical asset management ........................................................ EN 17007:2017 - Maintenance process and associated indicators ........................................................ EN 61069 series - Industrial-process measurement, control and automation - Evaluation of system properties for the purpose of system assessment ........................................................ EN 62745:2017 - Safety of machinery - Requirements for cableless control systems of machinery (IEC 62745:2017) ........................................................ IEC 61131 series - Programmable controllers - ALL PARTS
........................................................ IEC 61499 series - Function blocks ........................................................ IEC 61800 series - Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems ........................................................ IEC 61804 series - Function blocks (FB) for process control and electronic device description language (EDDL) ........................................................ IEC 62264 series - Enterprise-control system integration - Part 2: Object and attributes for enterprise-control system integration ........................................................ IEC 62402:2019
- Obsolescence management ........................................................ IEC 62424 - Representation of process control engineering - Requests in P&I diagrams and data exchange between P&ID tools and PCE-CAE tools ........................................................ IEC 62443 series - Security for industrial automation and control systems ........................................................ IEC 62541 series - OPC unified architecture -ALL PARTS ........................................................ ISO 11161:2007 - Safety of machinery — Integrated manufacturing systems — Basic requirements ........................................................ ISO 11354-1:2011 - Advanced automation technologies and their applications — Requirements for establishing manufacturing enterprise process interoperability — Part 1: Framework for enterprise interoperability ........................................................ ISO 12100:2010 - Safety of machinery -General principles for design -Risk assessment and risk reduction ........................................................ ISO 13374-1:2003 - Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Data processing, communication and presentation — Part 1: General guidelines ........................................................ ISO 13381-1:2015 - Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Prognostics — Part 1: General guidelines ........................................................ ISO 15746 series - Automation systems and integration — Integration of advanced process control and optimization capabilities for manufacturing systems- SER ........................................................ ISO 15926-1:2004 - Industrial automation systems and integration — Integration of life-cycle data for process plants including oil and gas production facilities — Part 1: Overview and fundamental principles ........................................................ ISO 20140-5:2017 - Automation systems and integration — Evaluating energy efficiency and other factors of manufacturing systems that influence the environment — Part 5: Environmental performance evaluation data ........................................................ ISO 20534:2018 - Industrial automation systems and integration -Formal semantic models for the configuration of global production networks ........................................................ ISO 22400-2:2014 - Automation systems and integration — Key performance indicators (KPIs) for manufacturing operations management — Part 2: Definitions and descriptions ........................................................ ISO 23247 series - Automation systems and integration — Digital Twin framework for manufacturing ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30118 series - Information technology -Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF) Specification ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 24027 - Information technology — Artificial Intelligence (AI) — Bias in AI systems and AI aided decision making ........................................................ ISO/PAS 17506:2012 - Industrial automation systems and integration — COLLADA digital asset schema specification for 3D visualization of industrial data ........................................................ ITU-T Y.MLaaS-reqts - Cloud computing- functional requirements for machine learning as a service ........................................................ ROS - Robot Operating System (ROS) ........................................................ Y.csb-arch - Cloud Computing -Functional architecture for cloud service brokerage .......................................... Information Layer (RAMI 4.0) ........................................................ DCAT - Data Catalog Vocabulary (DCAT) - Version 2 ........................................................ DIN SPEC 16592:2016 - Combining OPC Unified Architecture and Automation Markup Language. ........................................................ DIN SPEC 2343:2020-09 - Transmission of language-based data between artificial intelligences - Specification of parameters and formats ........................................................ DIN SPEC 91406:2019-12 - Automatic identification of physical objects and information on physical objects in IT systems, particularly IoT systems ........................................................ eCl@ss - eCl@ss ........................................................ EN 10219-1:2006 - Cold Formed Welded structural Hollow Sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels -Part 1: Technical delivery conditions ........................................................ EN 10305-3:2016 - Steel Tubes for precision applications -Technical delivery conditions -Part 3: Welded cold sized tubes ........................................................ EN 10305-5:2016 - Steel tubes for precision applications -Technical delivery conditions -Part 5: Welded cold sized square and rectangular tubes ........................................................ IEC 61158 series - Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications ........................................................ IEC 61360-1:2017 - Standard data element types with associated classification scheme - Part 1: Definitions - Principles and methods ........................................................ IEC 61784 series - Industrial communication networks - Profiles ........................................................ IEC 61987 series - Industrial-process measurement and control - Data structures and elements in process equipment catalogs ........................................................ IEC 62264-1:2013 - IEC 62264-1:2013 Enterprise-control system integration — Part 1: Models and terminology ........................................................ IEC 62453 series - Field device tool (FDT) interface specification ........................................................ IEC 62714 series] - Engineering data exchange format for use in industrial automation systems engineering - Automation Markup Language ........................................................ IEEE 1589-2020 - IEEE Standard for Augmented Reality Learning Experience Model ........................................................ ISO 10303 series - Automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange ........................................................ ISO 10303 series - Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange ........................................................ ISO 10303-236:2006 - Industrial automation systems and integration -Product data representation and exchange -Part 236: Application protocol: Furniture catalogue and interior design -and Application modules ........................................................ ISO 10303-239 - Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 239: Application protocol: Product life cycle support ........................................................ ISO 13584 series - Industrial automation systems and integration - Parts library ........................................................ ISO 19439:2006 - Enterprise integration — Framework for enterprise modelling ........................................................ ISO 23952:2020 - Quality information framework (QIF) — An integrated model for manufacturing quality information ........................................................ ISO 23952:2020 - Automation systems and integration — Quality information framework (QIF) — An integrated model for manufacturing quality information ........................................................ ISO 9735 series - Electronic data interchange for administration, commerce, and transport (EDIFACT) ........................................................ ISO TR 21260 - Safety of machinery — Mechanical safety data for physical contacts between moving machinery or moving parts of machinery and persons ........................................................ ISO/IEC 19944-1:2020 - Cloud computing -Cloud services and devices: data flow, data categories and data use — Part 1: Fundamentals ........................................................ ISO/IEC 21778:2017 - Information technology -The JSON data interchange syntax ........................................................ ISO/IEC 21823-3 - Internet of things (IoT) — Interoperability for IoT systems — Part 3: Semantic interoperability ........................................................ ISO/IEC 29161:2016 - Information technology — Data structure — Unique identification for the Internet of Things ........................................................ ISO/IEC 6523-1:1998 - Information technology -Structure for the identification of organisations and organisation parts -Part 1: Identification of organisation identification schemes ........................................................ MIMOSA CCOM - MIMOSA CCOM (Common Conceptual Object Model) ........................................................ ODRL - ODRL Information Model 2.2 ........................................................ OPC 40501-1 - UA CS for Machine Tools Part 1 - Monitoring and Job (ZIP/PDF) ........................................................ OWL - Web Ontology Language (OWL) ........................................................ Production Performance Management Protocol (PPMP) - Production Performance Management Protocol Specification ........................................................ RFD - Resource Description Framework (RFD) ........................................................ RIF - Rule Interchange Format (RIF) ........................................................ SPARQL - SPARQL Query Language for RDF .......................................... Communication Layer (RAMI 4.0) ........................................................ ANSI/MTC1.4-2018 - MTConnect ........................................................ Camera Link - Camera Link ........................................................ GigE Vision - GigE Vision ........................................................ HTTP/REST standards - (standards collection) ........................................................ IEC 60445:2017 RLV - Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification - Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors ........................................................ IEEE 802.11 Standards - IEEE 802.11 Standards ........................................................ IEEE 802.15.4-2020 - IEEE Standard for Low-Rate Wireless Networks ........................................................ IEEE 802.1AS-2020 - IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks--Timing and Synchronization for Time-Sensitive Applications ........................................................ ISO/IEC 19464:2014 - Information technology -Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) ........................................................ ISO/IEC 20922:2016 - Information technology -Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) v3.1.1 ........................................................ ISO/IEC 21823-2:2020 - Internet of things (IoT) — Interoperability for IoT systems — Part 2: Transport interoperability ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30144:2020 - Information technology -Sensor network system architecture for power substations ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30163 - Internet of Things (IoT) -System requirements of IoT/SN technology-based integrated platform for chattel asset monitoring supporting financial services ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30165 - Internet of Things (IoT) -Real-time IoT framework ........................................................ Software tools for Connected Factory Exchange SDK Version 1.0.5 - Software tools for Connected Factory Exchange SDK Version 1.0.5 .......................................... Resources Layer (RAMI 4.0) ........................................................ ISO/TS 15066:2016 - Robots and robotic devices — Collaborative robots .......................................... DCAT - Data Catalog Vocabulary (DCAT) - Version 2 .......................................... EN 13306:2018 - Maintenance -Maintenance terminology .......................................... IEC 61511-1:2016+AMD1:2017 CSV
Consolidated version - Functional safety - Safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector - Part 1: Framework, definitions, system, hardware and application programming requirements .......................................... IEC 62264-1:2013 - IEC 62264-1:2013 Enterprise-control system integration — Part 1: Models and terminology .......................................... ISO 13372:2012 - Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Vocabulary .......................................... ISO 14539:2000 - Manipulating Industrial Robots--Object handling with grasp-type grippers --Vocabulary and presentation of characteristics .......................................... ISO 20534:2018 - Industrial automation systems and integration -Formal semantic models for the configuration of global production networks .......................................... ISO 22739:2020 - Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies -Terminology .......................................... ISO 8373:2012 - Robots and robotic devices — Vocabulary .......................................... ISO 9000 GLOSSARY - Glossary -Guidance on selected words used in the ISO 9000 family of standards .......................................... ISO 9787:2013 - Robots and robotic devices — Coordinate systems and motion nomenclatures .......................................... ISO/IEC 17788:2014 - Information technology -Cloud computing -Overview and vocabulary .......................................... ISO/IEC 20546:2019 - Information technology - Big data - Overview and vocabulary .......................................... ISO/IEC 20924:2018 - Information technology — Internet of Things (IoT) — Vocabulary .......................................... ISO/IEC 22123-1 - Information technology — Cloud computing — Part 1: Terminology .......................................... ISO/IEC 22989 - Artificial Intelligence Concepts and Terminology .......................................... ISO/IEC 2382:2015 - Information technology — Vocabulary .......................................... Terminology (RAMI 4.0) ............................ Standard types .......................................... Basic standards ........................................................ DIN SPEC 27070:2020 - Requirements and reference architecture of a security gateway for the exchange of industry data and services ........................................................ FG Cloud TR Version 1.0 (02/2012) - FG Cloud Technical Report Part 2: Functional requirements and reference architecture ........................................................ IDS-RAM:2019 - IDSA Reference Architecture Model 3.0 ........................................................ IEC 61511-1:2016+AMD1:2017 CSV
Consolidated version - Functional safety - Safety instrumented systems for the process industry sector - Part 1: Framework, definitions, system, hardware and application programming requirements ........................................................ IEC PAS 63088:2017 - Smart manufacturing -Reference architecture model industry 4.0 (RAMI4.0) ........................................................ IEEE P2413:2019 - Architectural Framework for the Internet of Things (IoT) ........................................................ IIRA:2019 - The Industrial Internet of ThingsVolume G1: Reference Architecture Version 1.9 ........................................................ ISO 11354-2:2015 - Advanced automation technologies and their applications — Requirements for establishing manufacturing enterprise process interoperability — Part 2: Maturity model for assessing enterprise interoperability ........................................................ ISO 13849-1:2015 - Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design ........................................................ ISO 22549-1:2020 - Automation systems and integration -Assessment on convergence of informatization and industrialization for industrial enterprises -Part 1: Framework and reference model ........................................................ ISO 22549-2:2020 - Automation systems and integration -Assessment on convergence of informatization and industrialization for industrial enterprises — Part 2: Maturity model and evaluation methodology ........................................................ ISO 23257 - Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies — Reference architecture ........................................................ ISO 9000 GLOSSARY - Glossary -Guidance on selected words used in the ISO 9000 family of standards ........................................................ ISO 9001:2015 - Quality management systems — Requirements ........................................................ ISO/IEC 18045:2008 - Information technology — Security techniques — Methodology for IT security evaluation ........................................................ ISO/IEC 20546:2019 - Information technology - Big data - Overview and vocabulary ........................................................ ISO/IEC 21823-1:2019 - Internet of things (IoT) — Interoperability for IoT systems — Part 1: Framework ........................................................ ISO/IEC 22989 - Artificial Intelligence Concepts and Terminology ........................................................ ISO/IEC 23053 - Framework for Artificial Intelligence (AI) Systems Using Machine Learning (ML) ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30166:2020 - Internet of things (IoT) — Industrial IoT ........................................................ ISO/IEC 38500:2015 - Information technology -- Governance of IT for the organization ........................................................ ISO/IEC CD 22123-2.3 - Information technology — Cloud computing — Part 2: Concepts ........................................................ ISO/IEC NP 24392 - Information technology -- Security techniques --Security reference model for Industrial Internet Platform (IIP) ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 20547-1:2020 - Information technology — Big data reference architecture — Part 1: Framework and application process ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 20547-2:2018 - Information technology - Big data reference architecture - Part 2: Use cases and derived requirements ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 20547-5:2018 - Information technology - Big data reference architecture - Part 5: Standards roadmap ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 22417:2017 - Information technology — Internet of things (IoT) use cases ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 24028:2020 - Information technology - Artificial intelligence - Overview of trustworthiness in artificial intelligence ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 24030 - Artificial Intelligence (AI) — Use cases ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 30164:2020 - Internet of things (IoT) -Edge Computing ........................................................ ISO/IEC TS 27100 - Information technology -- Cybersecurity -- Overview and concepts ........................................................ Suppl on Y. Sup.aisr - Artificial Intelligence Standard Roadmap .......................................... Data standards ........................................................ ISO/IEC 24668 - Information technology — Artificial intelligence —Process management framework for Big data analytics .......................................... Device standards ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30147 - Information technology -Internet of things -Methodology for trustworthiness of IoT system/service ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30149 - Internet of things (IoT) -Trustworthiness framework ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30162 - Internet of Things (IoT) -Compatibility requirements and model for devices within industrial IoT systems .......................................... Interface standards .......................................... Process standards ........................................................ ISO/IEC TS 33052:2016 - Information technology -Process reference model (PRM) for information security management .......................................... Product standards ........................................................ ISO 10005:2018 - Quality management — Guidelines for quality plans ........................................................ ISO 10007:2017 - Quality management — Guidelines for configuration management ........................................................ ISO 10218-1:2011 - Robots and robotic devices — Safety requirements for industrial robots — Part 1: Robots ........................................................ ISO 10218-2:2011 - Robots and robotic devices — Safety requirements for industrial robots — Part 2: Robot systems and integration ........................................................ ISO/IEC 15408 series - Information technology -Security techniques -Evaluation criteria for IT security ........................................................ ISO/TR 20218-1:2018 - Robotics — Safety design for industrial robot systems — Part 1: End-effectors .......................................... Service standards ........................................................ ISO/IEC 30161 - Internet of Things (IoT) -Requirements of IoT data exchange platform for various IoT services .......................................... Terminology standards ........................................................ EN 13306:2018 - Maintenance -Maintenance terminology ........................................................ ISO 13372:2012 - Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Vocabulary ........................................................ ISO 14539:2000 - Manipulating Industrial Robots--Object handling with grasp-type grippers --Vocabulary and presentation of characteristics ........................................................ ISO 22739:2020 - Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies -Terminology ........................................................ ISO 8373:2012 - Robots and robotic devices — Vocabulary ........................................................ ISO 9283:1998 - Manipulating industrial robots — Performance criteria and related test methods ........................................................ ISO 9787:2013 - Robots and robotic devices — Coordinate systems and motion nomenclatures ........................................................ ISO/IEC 17788:2014 - Information technology -Cloud computing -Overview and vocabulary ........................................................ ISO/IEC 22123-1 - Information technology — Cloud computing — Part 1: Terminology ........................................................ ISO/IEC 2382:2015 - Information technology — Vocabulary .......................................... Testing standards ........................................................ ISO 13849-2: 2012 - Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 2: Validation ........................................................ ISO/IEC TR 24029 - Information technology -- Artificial Intelligence (AI) -- Assessment of the robustness of neural networks ........................................................ ISO/TR 13309:1995 - Manipulating industrial robots — Informative guide on test equipment and metrology methods of operation for robot performance evaluation in accordance with ISO 9283 ............................ Cybersecurity Standards for digital manufacturing .......................................... De Facto industrial CyberSecurity standard developments ........................................................ Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) ........................................................ Cloud Security Alliance (CSA) – Consensus Assessment Initiative Questionnaire (CAIQ) ........................................................ IIC – SMM ........................................................ Industrial Internet Consortium (IIC) – Industrial Internet Security Framework (IISF) ........................................................ Namur, WG 4.18 Automation Security ........................................................ OMG – Eclipse Foundation ........................................................ OPC-UA ........................................................ Open Web Application Security Project® Foundation (OWASP) ........................................................ Platform I4.0 WG Sicherheit, RAMI Security model developments ...................................................................... Access control for Industrie 4.0 components for application by manufacturers, operators and integrators ...................................................................... Metamodel Asset Administration Shell for Security ........................................................ ROS – SROS .......................................... European industrial CyberSecurity standards ........................................................ CEN/CLC/JTC 13 : Cybersecurity and Data Protection ........................................................ CLC/TC 65X : Industrial-process measurement, control and automation ........................................................ ENISA Good Practices for Security of Internet of Things in the context of Smart Manufacturing ........................................................ ENISA Industrial CybersSecurity developments & CyberAct Certification ........................................................ ETSI EN 303 645 - CYBER - Cyber Security for Consumer Internet of Things: Baseline Requirements ........................................................ ETSI SAREF M2M to SAREF4INMA developments ...................................................................... ETSI M2M ...................................................................... ETSI SAREF ...................................................................... ETSI TS 103 410-5 SAREF4INMA .......................................... North American Industrial CyberSecurity Standards ........................................................ NIST 800.82 ........................................................ NIST CyberSecurity Framework (Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity) ........................................................ NISTIR 8183 - Cybersecurity Framework Version 1.1 Manufacturing Profile ........................................................ NISTIR 8259 - Foundational Cybersecurity Activities for IoT Device Manufacturers .......................................... International Industrial CyberSecurity standards ........................................................ CIS Controls – ICS ........................................................ IEC 62443 - ISA99 ........................................................ ISO 27000 - Information Security Management ...................................................................... ISO/IEC 27001 (ISMS) - Information Security Management (ISMS) ...................................................................... ISO/IEC 27019 - Information technology — Security techniques — Information security controls for the energy utility industry ...................................................................... ISO/IEC 27701:2019 - extension to privacy information management requirements and guidelines ........................................................ ISO/IEC 15408 : Information Technology – Security Techniques – Evaluation Criteria for IT Security .......................................... New approaches to Cybersecurity for Industrial Systems, best practices and considerations ........................................................ Reference Integrity Manifest – RIM, & RIMM ........................................................ Software Bill of Materials – SBOM ........................................................ Vulnerability databases & Responsible Disclosure - IOC/CVE - ATT&CK .......................................... Manufacturing industry de-facto CyberSecurity developments ........................................................ EEMUA ........................................................ WIB .......................................... B11.0 - 2020 - Safety of Machinery .......................................... B11.Tr10—202x - Functional Safety of Artificial Intelligence for Machinery Applications .......................................... DIN SPEC 2343:2020-09 - Transmission of language-based data between artificial intelligences - Specification of parameters and formats .......................................... DIN SPEC 27070:2020 - Requirements and reference architecture of a security gateway for the exchange of industry data and services .......................................... DIN SPEC 92001-2 - Artificial Intelligence - Life Cycle Processes and Quality Requirements - Part 2: Robustness .......................................... EN 61069 series - Industrial-process measurement, control and automation - Evaluation of system properties for the purpose of system assessment .......................................... EN 61310 sreies - Safety of machinery - Indication, marking and actuation .......................................... EN 62745:2017 - Safety of machinery - Requirements for cableless control systems of machinery (IEC 62745:2017) .......................................... IDS-RAM:2019 - IDSA Reference Architecture Model 3.0 .......................................... IEC 60204:2020 SER - Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines - ALL PARTS .......................................... IEC 60445:2017 RLV - Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification - Identification of equipment terminals, conductor terminations and conductors .......................................... IEC 62061:2015 CSV - Safety of machinery - Functional safety of safety-related electrical, electronic and programmable electronic control systems .......................................... IEC 62443 series - Security for industrial automation and control systems .......................................... International De-Facto CyberSecurity Standards .......................................... ISO 10218-1:2011 - Robots and robotic devices — Safety requirements for industrial robots — Part 1: Robots .......................................... ISO 10218-2:2011 - Robots and robotic devices — Safety requirements for industrial robots — Part 2: Robot systems and integration .......................................... ISO 11161:2007 - Safety of machinery — Integrated manufacturing systems — Basic requirements .......................................... ISO 12100:2010 - Safety of machinery -General principles for design -Risk assessment and risk reduction .......................................... ISO 13849-1:2015 - Safety of machinery — Safety-related parts of control systems — Part 1: General principles for design .......................................... ISO 13849-2: 2012 - Safety of machinery - Safety-related parts of control systems - Part 2: Validation .......................................... ISO 14738:2002 - Safety of machinery — Anthropometric requirements for the design of workstations at machinery .......................................... ISO 15746 series - Automation systems and integration — Integration of advanced process control and optimization capabilities for manufacturing systems- SER .......................................... ISO 15926-1:2004 - Industrial automation systems and integration — Integration of life-cycle data for process plants including oil and gas production facilities — Part 1: Overview and fundamental principles .......................................... ISO 31000:2018 - Risk management — Guidelines .......................................... ISO 9283:1998 - Manipulating industrial robots — Performance criteria and related test methods .......................................... ISO TR 21260 - Safety of machinery — Mechanical safety data for physical contacts between moving machinery or moving parts of machinery and persons .......................................... ISO/IEC 15408 series - Information technology -Security techniques -Evaluation criteria for IT security .......................................... ISO/IEC 18045:2008 - Information technology — Security techniques — Methodology for IT security evaluation .......................................... ISO/IEC 23894 - Information Technology — Artificial Intelligence — Risk Managemen .......................................... ISO/IEC 27000:2018 - Information technology -Security techniques -Information security management systems -Overview and vocabulary .......................................... ISO/IEC 27001:2013 - Information technology -Security techniques -Information security management systems -Requirements .......................................... ISO/IEC 27002:2013 - Information technology -Security techniques -Code of practice for information security controls .......................................... ISO/IEC 27005:2018 - Information technology -Security techniques -Information security risk management .......................................... ISO/IEC 27009:2020
- Information technology -Security techniques -Sector-specific application of ISO/IEC 27001 -Requirements .......................................... ISO/IEC 27017:2015 - Information technology — Security techniques — Code of practice for information security controls based on ISO/IEC 27002 for cloud services .......................................... ISO/IEC 27019:2017 - Information technology — Security techniques — Information security controls for the energy utility industry .......................................... ISO/IEC 29161:2016 - Information technology — Data structure — Unique identification for the Internet of Things .......................................... ISO/IEC 30118 series - Information technology -Open Connectivity Foundation (OCF) Specification .......................................... ISO/IEC 30147 - Information technology -Internet of things -Methodology for trustworthiness of IoT system/service .......................................... ISO/IEC 30149 - Internet of things (IoT) -Trustworthiness framework .......................................... ISO/IEC 30166:2020 - Internet of things (IoT) — Industrial IoT .......................................... ISO/IEC 38507 - Information technology --Governance of IT --Governance implications of the use of artificial intelligence by organizations .......................................... ISO/IEC 6523-1:1998 - Information technology -Structure for the identification of organisations and organisation parts -Part 1: Identification of organisation identification schemes .......................................... ISO/IEC NP 24392 - Information technology -- Security techniques --Security reference model for Industrial Internet Platform (IIP) .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 24028:2020 - Information technology - Artificial intelligence - Overview of trustworthiness in artificial intelligence .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 24029 - Information technology -- Artificial Intelligence (AI) -- Assessment of the robustness of neural networks .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 30164:2020 - Internet of things (IoT) -Edge Computing .......................................... ISO/IEC TS 27100 - Information technology -- Cybersecurity -- Overview and concepts .......................................... ISO/IEC TS 33052:2016 - Information technology -Process reference model (PRM) for information security management .......................................... ISO/TR 13309:1995 - Manipulating industrial robots — Informative guide on test equipment and metrology methods of operation for robot performance evaluation in accordance with ISO 9283 .......................................... ISO/TR 20218-1:2018 - Robotics — Safety design for industrial robot systems — Part 1: End-effectors .......................................... ISO/TR 22100-4:2018 - Safety of machinery — Relationship with ISO 12100 — Part 4: Guidance to machinery manufacturers for consideration of related IT-security (cyber security) aspects .......................................... ISO/TR 23244:2020 - Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies — Privacy and personally identifiable information protection considerations .......................................... ISO/TR 23245 - Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies — Security risks, threats and vulnerabilities .......................................... MIMOSA CCOM - MIMOSA CCOM (Common Conceptual Object Model) .......................................... P1686-2013 - P1686 - Standard for Intelligent Electronic Devices Cyber Security Capabilities .......................................... Y.ccrm - Cloud computing - Framework of risk management ............................ Standards General .......................................... ANSI/MTC1.4-2018 - MTConnect .......................................... Apache Kafka - Apache Kafka .......................................... B2MML - Business To Manufacturing Markup Language .......................................... Camera Link - Camera Link .......................................... CWA 17492:2020 - Predictive control and maintenance of data intensive industrial processes (MONSOON) .......................................... DIN SPEC 16592:2016 - Combining OPC Unified Architecture and Automation Markup Language. .......................................... DIN SPEC 13266:2020-04 - Guideline for the development of deep learning image recognition systems .......................................... DIN SPEC 91406:2019-12 - Automatic identification of physical objects and information on physical objects in IT systems, particularly IoT systems .......................................... DIN SPEC 92001-1:2019-04 - Artificial Intelligence -Life Cycle Processes and Quality Requirements -Part 1: Quality Metamodel .......................................... eCl@ss - eCl@ss .......................................... EN 10219-1:2006 - Cold Formed Welded structural Hollow Sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels -Part 1: Technical delivery conditions .......................................... EN 10305-3:2016 - Steel Tubes for precision applications -Technical delivery conditions -Part 3: Welded cold sized tubes .......................................... EN 10305-5:2016 - Steel tubes for precision applications -Technical delivery conditions -Part 5: Welded cold sized square and rectangular tubes .......................................... EN 16646:2014 - Maintenance -Maintenance within physical asset management .......................................... EN 17007:2017 - Maintenance process and associated indicators .......................................... EN 9100 - General quality management requirements for aviation .......................................... FG Cloud TR Version 1.0 (02/2012) - FG Cloud Technical Report Part 2: Functional requirements and reference architecture .......................................... GigE Vision - GigE Vision .......................................... GS1 standards .......................................... HTTP/REST standards - (standards collection) .......................................... IEC /TR 62837:2013 - Energy efficiency through automation systems .......................................... IEC 20922 (MQTT) .......................................... IEC 60034 series - Rotating electrical machines .......................................... IEC 61131 .......................................... IEC 61131 series - Programmable controllers - ALL PARTS
.......................................... IEC 61158 series - Industrial communication networks - Fieldbus specifications .......................................... IEC 61360-1:2017 - Standard data element types with associated classification scheme - Part 1: Definitions - Principles and methods .......................................... IEC 61499 .......................................... IEC 61499 series - Function blocks .......................................... IEC 61784 series - Industrial communication networks - Profiles .......................................... IEC 61800 series - Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems .......................................... IEC 61804 series - Function blocks (FB) for process control and electronic device description language (EDDL) .......................................... IEC 61987 series - Industrial-process measurement and control - Data structures and elements in process equipment catalogs .......................................... IEC 62264 series - Enterprise-control system integration - Part 2: Object and attributes for enterprise-control system integration .......................................... IEC 62402:2019
- Obsolescence management .......................................... IEC 62424 - Representation of process control engineering - Requests in P&I diagrams and data exchange between P&ID tools and PCE-CAE tools .......................................... IEC 62453 series - Field device tool (FDT) interface specification .......................................... IEC 62541 series - OPC unified architecture -ALL PARTS .......................................... IEC 62559-2:2015 - Use case methodology - Part 2: Definition of the templates for use cases, actor list and requirements list .......................................... IEC 62714 series] - Engineering data exchange format for use in industrial automation systems engineering - Automation Markup Language .......................................... IEC 62890:2020 - Industrial-process measurement, control and automation - Life-cycle-management for systems and components .......................................... IEC 63278-1 ED1 - Asset administration shell for industrial applications -Part 1:
Administration shell structure .......................................... IEC PAS 63088:2017 - Smart manufacturing -Reference architecture model industry 4.0 (RAMI4.0) .......................................... IEC TS 62832-1:2016 - Industrial-process measurement, control and automation - Digital factory framework - Part 1: General principles .......................................... IEEE 1589-2020 - IEEE Standard for Augmented Reality Learning Experience Model .......................................... IEEE 802.1 TSN .......................................... IEEE 802.11 Standards - IEEE 802.11 Standards .......................................... IEEE 802.15.4 .......................................... IEEE 802.15.4-2020 - IEEE Standard for Low-Rate Wireless Networks .......................................... IEEE 802.1AS-2020 - IEEE Standard for Local and Metropolitan Area Networks--Timing and Synchronization for Time-Sensitive Applications .......................................... IEEE P2413:2019 - Architectural Framework for the Internet of Things (IoT) .......................................... IIRA:2019 - The Industrial Internet of ThingsVolume G1: Reference Architecture Version 1.9 .......................................... IPC-CFX .......................................... ISO 10005:2018 - Quality management — Guidelines for quality plans .......................................... ISO 10007:2017 - Quality management — Guidelines for configuration management .......................................... ISO 10303 series - Automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange .......................................... ISO 10303 series - Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange .......................................... ISO 10303-236:2006 - Industrial automation systems and integration -Product data representation and exchange -Part 236: Application protocol: Furniture catalogue and interior design -and Application modules .......................................... ISO 10303-239 - Industrial automation systems and integration — Product data representation and exchange — Part 239: Application protocol: Product life cycle support .......................................... ISO 11354-1:2011 - Advanced automation technologies and their applications — Requirements for establishing manufacturing enterprise process interoperability — Part 1: Framework for enterprise interoperability .......................................... ISO 11354-2:2015 - Advanced automation technologies and their applications — Requirements for establishing manufacturing enterprise process interoperability — Part 2: Maturity model for assessing enterprise interoperability .......................................... ISO 13374-1:2003 - Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Data processing, communication and presentation — Part 1: General guidelines .......................................... ISO 13381-1:2015 - Condition monitoring and diagnostics of machines — Prognostics — Part 1: General guidelines .......................................... ISO 13584 series - Industrial automation systems and integration - Parts library .......................................... ISO 18828-3:2017 - Industrial automation systems and integration — Standardized procedures for production systems engineering — Part 3: Information flows in production planning processes .......................................... ISO 19439:2006 - Enterprise integration — Framework for enterprise modelling .......................................... ISO 20140-5:2017 - Automation systems and integration — Evaluating energy efficiency and other factors of manufacturing systems that influence the environment — Part 5: Environmental performance evaluation data .......................................... ISO 21632:2018 - Graphic technology — Determination of the energy consumption of digital printing devices including transitional and related modes .......................................... ISO 22400-2:2014 - Automation systems and integration — Key performance indicators (KPIs) for manufacturing operations management — Part 2: Definitions and descriptions .......................................... ISO 22549-1:2020 - Automation systems and integration -Assessment on convergence of informatization and industrialization for industrial enterprises -Part 1: Framework and reference model .......................................... ISO 22549-2:2020 - Automation systems and integration -Assessment on convergence of informatization and industrialization for industrial enterprises — Part 2: Maturity model and evaluation methodology .......................................... ISO 23247 series - Automation systems and integration — Digital Twin framework for manufacturing .......................................... ISO 23257 - Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies — Reference architecture .......................................... ISO 23570-1:2005 - Industrial automation systems and integration — Distributed installation in industrial applications — Part 1: Sensors and actuators .......................................... ISO 23952:2020 - Quality information framework (QIF) — An integrated model for manufacturing quality information .......................................... ISO 23952:2020 - Automation systems and integration — Quality information framework (QIF) — An integrated model for manufacturing quality information .......................................... ISO 9000:2015 FAMILY - Quality management systems .......................................... ISO 9001:2015 - Quality management systems — Requirements .......................................... ISO 9735 series - Electronic data interchange for administration, commerce, and transport (EDIFACT) .......................................... ISO/IEC 19464:2014 - Information technology -Advanced Message Queuing Protocol (AMQP) .......................................... ISO/IEC 19510:2013 - Information technology -Object Management Group Business Process Model and Notation .......................................... ISO/IEC 19845:2015 - Information technology -Universal Business Language Version 2.1 (UBL v2.1) .......................................... ISO/IEC 19944-1:2020 - Cloud computing -Cloud services and devices: data flow, data categories and data use — Part 1: Fundamentals .......................................... ISO/IEC 20547-3:2020 - Information technology - Big data reference architecture - Part 3: Reference architecture .......................................... ISO/IEC 20922:2016 - Information technology -Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) v3.1.1 .......................................... ISO/IEC 21778:2017 - Information technology -The JSON data interchange syntax .......................................... ISO/IEC 21823-1:2019 - Internet of things (IoT) — Interoperability for IoT systems — Part 1: Framework .......................................... ISO/IEC 21823-2:2020 - Internet of things (IoT) — Interoperability for IoT systems — Part 2: Transport interoperability .......................................... ISO/IEC 21823-3 - Internet of things (IoT) — Interoperability for IoT systems — Part 3: Semantic interoperability .......................................... ISO/IEC 23053 - Framework for Artificial Intelligence (AI) Systems Using Machine Learning (ML) .......................................... ISO/IEC 24668 - Information technology — Artificial intelligence —Process management framework for Big data analytics .......................................... ISO/IEC 30144:2020 - Information technology -Sensor network system architecture for power substations .......................................... ISO/IEC 30161 - Internet of Things (IoT) -Requirements of IoT data exchange platform for various IoT services .......................................... ISO/IEC 30162 - Internet of Things (IoT) -Compatibility requirements and model for devices within industrial IoT systems .......................................... ISO/IEC 30163 - Internet of Things (IoT) -System requirements of IoT/SN technology-based integrated platform for chattel asset monitoring supporting financial services .......................................... ISO/IEC 30165 - Internet of Things (IoT) -Real-time IoT framework .......................................... ISO/IEC 38500:2015 - Information technology -- Governance of IT for the organization .......................................... ISO/IEC 38505-1:2017 - Information technology -- Governance of IT -- Governance of data -- Part 1: Application of ISO/IEC 38500 to the governance of data .......................................... ISO/IEC 38506:2020 - Information technology -- Governance of IT -- Application of ISO/IEC 38500 to the governance of IT enabled investments .......................................... ISO/IEC CD 22123-2.3 - Information technology — Cloud computing — Part 2: Concepts .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 20547-1:2020 - Information technology — Big data reference architecture — Part 1: Framework and application process .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 20547-2:2018 - Information technology - Big data reference architecture - Part 2: Use cases and derived requirements .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 20547-5:2018 - Information technology - Big data reference architecture - Part 5: Standards roadmap .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 22417:2017 - Information technology — Internet of things (IoT) use cases .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 24027 - Information technology — Artificial Intelligence (AI) — Bias in AI systems and AI aided decision making .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 24030 - Artificial Intelligence (AI) — Use cases .......................................... ISO/IEC TR 38505-2:2018 - Information technology — Governance of IT — Governance of data — Part 2: Implications of ISO/IEC 38505-1 for data management .......................................... ISO/IEC/IEEE 42010:2011 - Systems and software engineering — Architecture description .......................................... ISO/IEC/IEEE 90003:2018 - Software engineering — Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001:2015 to computer software .......................................... ISO/IEC30141:2018 - Internet of Things (loT) — Reference Architecture .......................................... ISO/PAS 17506:2012 - Industrial automation systems and integration — COLLADA digital asset schema specification for 3D visualization of industrial data .......................................... ISO/TR 31004:2013 - Risk management — Guidance for the implementation of ISO 31000 .......................................... ISO/TS 15066:2016 - Robots and robotic devices — Collaborative robots .......................................... ISO/TS 9002:2016 - Quality management systems — Guidelines for the application of ISO 9001:2015 .......................................... ITU-T Y.cccsdaom-reqts - Cloud computing - Requirements for cloud service development and operation management .......................................... ITU-T Y.MLaaS-reqts - Cloud computing- functional requirements for machine learning as a service .......................................... OAGIS .......................................... ODRL - ODRL Information Model 2.2 .......................................... OGC SensorThings API .......................................... OneM2M .......................................... OPC 40501-1 - UA CS for Machine Tools Part 1 - Monitoring and Job (ZIP/PDF) .......................................... OPC-UA .......................................... OWL - Web Ontology Language (OWL) .......................................... Production Performance Management Protocol (PPMP) - Production Performance Management Protocol Specification .......................................... RFD - Resource Description Framework (RFD) .......................................... RIF - Rule Interchange Format (RIF) .......................................... ROS - Robot Operating System (ROS) .......................................... Software tools for Connected Factory Exchange SDK Version 1.0.5 - Software tools for Connected Factory Exchange SDK Version 1.0.5 .......................................... SPARQL - SPARQL Query Language for RDF .......................................... Suppl on Y. Sup.aisr - Artificial Intelligence Standard Roadmap .......................................... UBL - Universal Business Language .......................................... VDMA 24582:2014 - Fieldbus neutral reference architecture for Condition Monitoring in production automation .......................................... WoT - MPFQ .......................................... Y.csb-arch - Cloud Computing -Functional architecture for cloud service brokerage ............................ Semantic web standards .......................................... Web Ontology Language (OWL) .............. Contribution of projects to standardisation ............................ Standardisation via European Standardisation Organisations .......................................... Registered work item leading to CEN-CENELEC Workshop Agreement) or ETSI GSs (Group Specifications) .......................................... Registered work item leading to EN (European Norm), TS (Technical Specification), TR (Technical Report) ............................ Standardisation via International Standardisation Organisations (ISO, IEC, ITU-T) ............................ Standardisation via other Standards Developing Organisations (SDO) (eg. W3C, IEEE, ASTM, etc..) .............. Compliance to Rules and regulations
Business model aspects
Business model aspects .............. Business models ............................ Business model aspects of digital platform deployment .............. Added Value .............. Revenue model (earning logics) ............................ Pay per use - Pay per duration of use ............................ Perfomance based payment (PBP) .............. Service model ............................ Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) ............................ Software as a Service (SaaS) ............................ Platform as a Service (PaaS) ............................ Product-as-a-Service (PaaS) .............. Software ownership ............................ Proprietary software ............................ Open source .............. Infrastructure ownership .............. Business ecosystems ............................ Target clients ............................ Business ecosystems associated to digital platforms .......................................... Interaction with other digital platforms .......................................... Other eco-system aspects .............. Manufacturing strategies ............................ From User-centric design to user well-being design ............................ From delocalisation to Globalisation 2.0 (re-shoring) ............................ From Product/Services Systems (product centric approach) to Services through Product (solution oriented approach) ............................ Virtualisation and digitalisation of the interrelation between manufacturing and new business models .............. Data ownership - data governance .............. Data Liability
